biology / Cells / free

Cell Signaling

Follow a message from an outside cue to a change inside the cell.

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A cue reaches the cell. A ligand or environmental change carries information, but the cell responds only if a compatible receptor can detect it.

signal transductionrelay amplifying · response 45.4%

Focus the idea

occupancy62.4%

messenger45.8%

response45.4%

clearance38%

Ligand signal 64%Receptor sensitivity 62%Relay amplification 70%Signal clearance 38%Signal time 70%

At ligand 64, receptor occupancy is 62.4%. Sensitivity changes how much of the outside cue is captured before the relay begins.

This is a normalized receptor-to-response model. Real pathways use ligand binding, conformational changes, second messengers, kinases, phosphatases, localization, and feedback with different timescales.

04 / PRACTICE

Make the biology yours.

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Answer from the model, then use the explanation to connect the visual mechanism to the biological rule.

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Cell Signaling

Make the biology yours.

What is the first job of a receptor in this pathway?